LAB

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on LAB. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality LAB paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in LAB, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your LAB paper at affordable prices!

Theory

If Br- ions are added to any solution containing Ag+ ions, AgBr cannot precipitate until the product of the ion concentrations, (Ag+) (Br-), exceeds the solubility product constant, Ksp, for AgBr.A solution that contains NH molecules in high concentration can only contain Ag+ ions in very low concentration because NH molecules and Ag+ ions unite to form a complex with a large formation constant.If we represent the formation of the complex by the equation,

Ag+ + nNH = Ag(NH)n+(1)

Then the expression for the formation constant (equilibrium constant with the concentration of the complex in the numerator) is

Buy cheap LAB term paper

Kf =[Ag(NH)n+]()

[Ag+] [NH]n

Since the formation constant of the aminesilver complex has a large numerical value, a high concentration of Br- ions must be established in order to produce a AgBr precipitate from a solution of "ammoniacal silver nitrate."At the point at which the precipitate first forms we can calculate the concentration of the umcomplexed Ag+ ions if we nkw the concentration of the Br- ions.The numerical value of Ksp for AgBr is required for this calculation.However, to determine n in the formula for the complex it is only necessary to recognize that [Ag+] is inversely proportional to [Br-].

Apparatus

4-100 mL graduated cylinders

pipette

AgNO

KBr

4 erlenmeyer flasks

buret

To each of the four 100-mL graduate cylinders add, respectively, 10.0 mL, 15.0 mL, 0.0 mL, and 5.0 mL of .0 M ammonia solution.Into each cylinder we pipette 0.0 mL of 0.010 M AgNO solution which was prepared by weighing our AgNOcrystals and dissolving them with distilled water in a 50 L volumetric flask.We then diluted each of the resulting ammoniacal silver nitrate solutions to the 00-ml mark with distilled water.We then transfered the contents of each cylinder to an Erlenmeyer flask and titrate with 0.010 M KBr solution which was prepared by weighing out KBr crystals and dissolving them with distilled water in a 100 L volumetric flask until a pemanent precipitate is just formed.These preliminary titrations were calculated to the nearest mL.The approximate required volume of KBr solution T'( the approximate "titre").

Results and Calculations

Table 1Calculations for Formula of a Complex

ML of AgNOML of .0M NH VML of KBrT'ML of KBrTLog VLog T

010.0.01.0000.4771

015.5.51.1760.5441

005.55.51.010.7404

056.56.51.80.81

14.8M x X = .0M x 50mL

X = .78 mL of NH4OH

0.010M AgNO x 0.50 L x 170g = 0.45g AgNO

0.010M KBr x 0.100 L x 11g = 0.11g KBr

Discussion

Since a large excess of ammonia is used, the equilibrium expressed by the equation (1) is driven almost driven completely to the right.Therefore, the concentration of the silver ammine cationic complex, [Ag(NH)n+], is virtually constant in all four experiments.Furthermore, the concentration of the NH molecules, [NH], is virtually unchanged by the titration.We determined the n by plotting log T against log V.

References

1.Noggle, Joseph N."Physical Chemistry," d ed., Harper Collins College

Publishers, New York, 16.

.Skoog, Douglas A."Analytical Chemistry" 7th ed., Saunder College Publishing,

New York, 16.

Please note that this sample paper on LAB is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on LAB, we are here to assist you.Your cheap research paperson LAB will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Panic attacks and alternative treatment

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Panic attacks and alternative treatment. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Panic attacks and alternative treatment paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Panic attacks and alternative treatment, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Panic attacks and alternative treatment paper at affordable prices!

Panic Attacks and Alternative Treatment

Have you ever experienced a feeling of dizziness, accelerated heart rate, depersonalization, or the fear of losing control?If so, you could be included in a large percent of the population suffering from an anxiety disorder called panic attacks.Well, there may be a non-medicated way to cure that ever-scary feeling of doom.

A panic attack is a distinct period of intense fear and discomfort often associated by an increase of stress, but also by "triggers" (particular events or items).Panic attacks often lead to panic disorders by just having the fear of another attack.

There are many different types of anxiety disorders including social phobia, acute stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance induced anxiety.These and many other disorders have panic attacks included in their symptoms.

Cheap College Papers on Panic attacks and alternative treatment

Psychologists and psychiatrists continue to use psychotropic drugs to treat the different types of disorders.But the word of many alternative natural cures, are slowly making its way to ears everywhere.Some natural remedies may include exercise, yoga, and meditative awareness.There are solid health promotions one can dopractice healthy food consumption like proteins free of steroids and limiting caffeine and sugar intake.Concentrating on breathing exercises tends to work as well, turning your awareness to breathing, naturally calms and relaxes the body.A third natural remedy is the concept of "mindfulness".Beginning a mindfulness meditative process is essentially nothing more than sitting quietly with the constant attempt to chase down each wandering thought as it occurs, and bring attention back to our breathing pattern.This practice builds gradually with patience and can serve as a powerful vehicle for self understanding and healing. (Weil, 18)

Therapy can also play a role in the healing process.One psychotherapeutic therapy approach is referred to the "renegotiation of trauma".This therapy allows trapped energy created by the "immobility response" to be released.Another therapy, Cranial Sacral therapy concentrates on the manipulation of cerebrospinal fluid, this may also be considered similar in concept with the releasing of trapped energy caused by drama.

A good way to increase one person's own ability to read their biological response to stimuli would be the biofeedback machine.It teaches people to slow their breathing and calm their heartbeat and to control what are usually subconscious responses.Because the core of anxiety is usually a complex mixture of circumstances no one approach can be successful in a complete cure.Recommendations are said to be most effective when used in combination with another.

In short, panic attacks can rattle you to your core, and now its nice to know you don't have to be medicated, to be cured.

Please note that this sample paper on Panic attacks and alternative treatment is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Panic attacks and alternative treatment, we are here to assist you.Your cheap research paperson Panic attacks and alternative treatment will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Externalities and market failure

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on externalities and market failure. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality externalities and market failure paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in externalities and market failure, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your externalities and market failure paper at affordable prices !

Explain the concept of externalities and use it to show why market failure might occur. Using one example, (e.g. road congestion/pollution) show how governments might approach the problem and evaluate the policy alternatives.

What are externalities?

Externalities are present and common in virtually every area of economic activity. They are seen as the knock on effects or "spill over" (Sloman 000) of the production and/or consumption of goods and services for which no appropriate compensation is paid.

Externalities can be either positive or negative; obviously positive can be desirable and negative undesirable. According to Sloman (000) positive externalities are also known as external benefits and negative, external costs. Thus the full costs to society of the production of any good are

PRIVATE COSTS FACED BY FIRMS + EXTERNALITIES OF PRODUCTION.

The full benefits to society from the consumption of any good are

PRIVATE BENEFITS ENJOYED BY THE CONSUMER + EXTERNALITIES OF CONSUMPTION.

According to Sloman, when assuming the market is perfect there are four major types of externality.

1. External costs of production. (Negative externalities)

When a factory or company dumps waste into a river or pollutes the air, the company bears costs but so does the public. This shows that the marginal social costs of production exceed the marginal private costs. This can cause problems in capitalist countries (Sloman 000) as nobody has legal ownership of the rivers or air hence nobody has the right to force another to stop polluting or using these resources.

To overcome these problems control is usually left to the government or local authorities. Governmental controls include the ability to levy fines and heavy taxes where appropriate to discourage polluting and other negative externalities.

. External benefits of production. (Positive externalities)

The example Sloman gives for this is that if a bus company spends money on training drivers and those drivers transfer to coach and haulage companies. The bus company has lost money in training these individuals as they no longer have use for them where as the coach company has saved money due to not having to train them and society has also benefited.

. External costs of consumption.

This is where other people than the consumer have certain effects levied on them. Good examples of these are if a person eats a chocolate bar but drops the wrapper on the floor, pollution from cars or noise pollution from stereos. Consumers create externalities when they purchase and consume goods and services. In these situations marginal social benefit of consumption will be less than marginal private benefit of consumption and this leads to the service/product been over consumed. Without government intervention the good/service will be under-priced and the negative externality will not be taken into account and thus a loss of economic welfare.

Diagram from www.tutoru.com

Please note that this sample paper on externalities and market failure is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on externalities and market failure, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on externalities and market failure will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Affirmative action

If you order your essay from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on affirmative action. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality affirmative action paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in affirmative action, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your affirmative action paper at affordable prices!

Affirmative Action, Why It Should Continue To Prevail

The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment provides all persons regardless of race or gender are entitled to equality under the law. Throughout our history as a great Nation there has been one repeating inequality which pervades our history. This inequality can be defined as an inability to judge a person based on their merit rather than the color of their skin. What makes America unique is the promise that every dream can be achieved. Hard work and determination, not race, gender, religion or socio-economic status determines how far a person can rise.

The promise of equality in America was just that, only a promise.In order to assure minorities' were given access to the same opportunities to achieve the American dream, The Civil Rights Act of 164 was passed. The Civil Rights Act of 164made discrimination illegal and established equal employment opportunity for all Americans regardless of race, gender or religion. Following the Civil Rights Act of 164, President Johnson issued Executive Order 1146.Executive Order 1146 mandated affirmative action goals for all federally funded programs and moved monitoring and enforcement of affirmative action programs out of the White House and into the Labor Department.

Custom Essays on affirmative action

The Civil Rights Act of 164, Executive Orders and other important Supreme Court Decisions have not stopped racism. Overt racism is alive and well in all areas of U.S. society. For example, in 11 Diane Sawyer with ABC- TV filmed two men, one African American and one white, who were matched for age, appearance, education, and other qualities. They were followed for a day by a camera crew. The white man received service in stores while the African American was ignored. In other instances, the African American man was monitored very closely while shopping at a department store. The department store employees watched the African American man as if they expected him to steal an item from the store. The white man was offered a lower price and better financing at a car dealership. There were jobs where the African American was turned down, and apartments for rent after the African American man was told they were no longer available.

The Dian Sawyer story on racism in America, makes a very strong argument, racism is alive and well in modern America. Because minorities are treated differently than white persons, affirmative action programs are not only important, they are essential to ensuring all persons are treated equally regardless of skin color, gender or religion.

In the wake of -11 and the tragedy which befell America,many Muslim Americans have recently experienced racism. The New York Times reported hundreds of examples where Arab Americans were unfairly treated. Many Arab Americans lost their jobs, others were beaten orrefused employment .

If America is to live up to its promise that every American should be treated equal,Affirmative action programs must not only survive, they must be part of the American dream.

Please note that this sample paper on affirmative action is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on affirmative action, we are here to assist you.Your persuasive essay on affirmative action will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean paper at affordable prices!

The Tempest by William Shakespeare, in particular the character Caliban, is important because it reflects upon issues surrounding the Caribbean during that time.In the play, Prospero comes to a foreign island and encounters Caliban.Caliban, who is a native of the land, is very friendly to Prospero and shows him everything on the island.Prospero in turn tries to civilize Caliban by educating him and teaching him language.This plan proves to be a failure as Caliban doesn't appreciate the kindness that Prospero has showed him.Caliban rapes Prospero's daughter Miranda, and also curses Prospero for educating him, saying "You taught me language, and my profit on't Is, I know how to curse.The red-plague rid you For learning me your language!"Prospero then takes Caliban's freedom away and makes him his slave.Before Prospero's arrival on the island, Caliban was leading a simple and happy life.However, when Prospero tries to civilize Caliban, it forces Caliban to live a lifestyle that is not his own; he is forced to learn Prospero's language and customs.

The confrontation between Prospero and Caliban can be compared to the conflict between Europe and the "New World" during the 16th century.Prospero represents the European explorer; he travels to a new land (New World) and conquers the natives (Caliban).Caliban represents the native inhabitants; he is perfectly happy with his simple life until the foreigners (Prospero) force their culture onto him."When Columbus arrived at Turtle Island in 14, he wrote in his journal that the native people were strong, well built, and extremely generous.He also wrote that with his weapons and 50 men, he can subdue the entire population." The Europeans taught the natives how to speak English and understand simple phrases.The sole purpose of this was so the slaves would understand the commands given to them by their masters.The Europeans also "civilized" the natives by forcing them to adopt a different culture.On the outside, it seems like the Europeans had good intentions when they tried to civilize and educate the natives; however, they only did so to benefit from them.The Europeans took advantage of the natives' gentle nature, enslaved their race, and destroyed the people's lives.

The line by Caliban, "The red-plague rid you For learning me your language!" sums up his feelings toward Prospero.This feeling is exactly what the original inhabitants of the New World felt when the Europeans arrived.They basically wished that the Europeans had never came, so they would never have been "educated and civilized' in a negative way.The arrival of the Europeans led to the downfall of the native people, just like Prospero's arrival led to Caliban's eventual downfall.

"Columbus and European Invasion." 10/1/00 http//www.nativevillage.org/Editorials/Columbus%0and%0european_invasion_an.htm

Buy cheap Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean term paper

Please note that this sample paper on Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Relating 'The Tempest' to the Caribbean will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Looking for Alibrandis

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Looking for Alibrandis. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Looking for Alibrandis paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Looking for Alibrandis, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Looking for Alibrandis paper at affordable prices!

The novel Looking for Alibrandi is centered around the growth and development of the relations among the three generations of Alibrandi women. Josephine Alibrandi, a Catholic school girl is the protagonist in her final high school year. She attends St. Marthas, a wealthy catholic school in Sydneys eastern suburbs, on an academic scholarship. Her Italian origin and illegitimacy have been the reason for a lot of persecution in her life. Josephine is a stubborn, melodramatic, confused, young girl who wants to 'be accepted by someone other than the underdog. (Page ) She doesnt see that her problems amount to nothing when compared to other struggling children in the world, but she feels trapped. Trapped in her Italian roots, even though she was born in Australia Josie has no privacy. ' Telecom would go broke if it werent for the Italians. (Page 11) I think that Josie is like any other typical teenage girl, trying to come to grips with her own identity and having to grow up. She copes with her ethnicity, sexuality, illegitimacy, and her family problems remarkably well, until she is faced with meeting her father for the first time. I was puzzled when Josie revealed absolutely no emotion when she knew she was standing face to face with her father for the first time in her life. I feel as though I can easily relate to Josephine Alibrandi. This makes me feel comfortable reading this book, knowing I have similar concerns as she does. Nonna Katia is Josies grandmother. She is like any other typical old Italian woman. She is tied to her Italian traditions and has no compassion for Australians. Katie resents Josies mother a great deal for having Josie illegitimately. Nonna Katia is the main antagonist of the novel. She is constantly testing Josie and Christinas tempers. Josie and Katia fight a lot, and Katia always places the blame on Christina for being a bad mother, making Josie incredibly furious. When Josie and Christina find out that Katia is welcoming Michael Andretti, Josies father into her house, the two become apprehensive about visiting her. However, I think that Josie comes to learn that Katia is too old to adopt new habits and appreciates her grandmother for who she is. Christina Alibrandi is Josies mother. She is a relatively young mother who had Josie at a young age and brought her p all on her own. Christina teaches Josie a lot about herself and her heritage. The relationship between Christina and Josie leads toward Josies freedom and away from the problems which she brings upon herself. Christina has such strength, more than she is given credit for. However, Christina resents her mother for shunning her away when she gave birth to Josie, but at the same time is grateful to have her mother back in her life. Josie comes to realize that the perception of her mother as a victim is not shared by Christina. Christina does not see any wrong in the way she has lead her life. Looking for Alibrandi centralizes around the lives of these three women, Josephine Alibrandi, Katia Alibrandi and Christina Alibrandi.

Please note that this sample paper on Looking for Alibrandis is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Looking for Alibrandis, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom research paperson Looking for Alibrandis will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Autonomous work groups

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on autonomous work groups. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality autonomous work groups paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in autonomous work groups, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your autonomous work groups paper at affordable prices !

AUTONOMOUS WORK GROUPS.

This essay discusses and investigates the factors that affect individuals by the use of autonomous work groups within modern organisation.

To carry out this investigation various sources have been used and will be referenced as applicable. The sources that have been used are journals, articles and a google search to try and get the widest view possible.

While researching this topic too much information was available. Reading the many articles was confusing and it did not state the positives and negative on the individual within the work team. Most of the articles seem to just state advantages to the organisation.

However, after narrowing it down to two articles that seemed to be the most relevant to the topic this formed the basis of the overall findings.

In writing this essay, to gain a better understanding of autonomous work groups, the history of autonomous work groups was investigated by reading aboutGeorge Elton Mayo's Hawthorne experiments. These experiments seem to be the basis and the foundation of autonomous work teams in organisations today.

Findings from the Hawthorne experiments seem to suggest autonomous work groups are a selected team of individuals who can work together

basically free of direct management or main hierarchical structure.

The set up of the teams today differs between organisations. The amount of autonomy given can be based on the type of end product or the type of working environment.However the similarities between the various types of groups can be seen in the areas of planning, activities, monitoring progress, production and staff holidays.

It has been stated in numerous articles that autonomous working teams empower individuals, however Bill Harley disagrees with this he states"Analysis shows no association between empowerment and employee autonomy".This means that individual employees may have power over their everyday fate in terms of day to day tasks, but they have no power over the organisational strategy.

Peter Carstensen view is that autonomous work groups can impact negatively on individuals in the areas of lack of competencies i.e. not understanding the entire sequence of operations in the organisation, thus not being able to work effectively.

Where individuals are not skilled in planning and scheduling thus the individual will not be able to get the timing right and targets might not be achieved.Where conflict might arise in the group if the other individuals within the group can not find solutions, this will impact team moral as a whole and certain individuals.

Lack of being able to work with other departments within the organisation can results in a breakdown in procedures again causing a negative impact on the individual. Not being able to interact socially with other groups and individuals can effect in a bad perception of an individual. Lack of good communication skills can cause individuals to pass and receive wrongful information.

Peter Carstensen says that if all the above effects can be achived this will result in greater satisfaction for the individual as long as each

Please note that this sample paper on autonomous work groups is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on autonomous work groups, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on autonomous work groups will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!