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A.The problem of Evil
The problem of evil is around us each day and everywhere we go. This is a fact we all have to agree upon. The only question in this matter is how we define evil. Some say evil are the people who do evil actions such as murder and other crimes. Others say that evil Is not only people but also the devil who sends his evil to this world to punish us. There are also people who say that evil can be connected to anything which is bad for the human race such as natural disasters and other disasters we have no control over. The problem with all these three is that they do not explain where this evil comes from. Whether they are right or not is besides the point, as that will be found out if the source of evil is discovered. The second view of evil, the devil, is the one closest to discovering the source. The people who believe in this are saying that the devil makes evil things happen merely either for his amusement or simply because that is what he does, in other words, there is no reason. There is some information in the bible about the devil which could aid this theory. It says that the devil was an angel but was told to leave heven and became the devil after some time, a fallen angel.
Yet this does not explain why the evil exists on earth. This is the problem, if this question is solved, we can begin to understand where the evil comes from and therefore eradicate it from there. Knowledge is always essential for solving problems, which is why it is important to understand.
The third aspect is saying that natural disasters are evil as they harm humans. This can again be connected to Christianity as God punished the people with the flood which created the story of Noah's ark. To be able to answer the problem of natural disasters a Christian should not deny God, but merely understand that a natural disasters is God's punishment to us. It is telling us that we are doing something wrong and we have to solve it. It is a form of punishment, which is not to say that God has hate inside of Him. God is love and this is why we are here. He created us because of His love and His love for us. This means that natural disasters are His way of punishing us. A parent punishes his/her children if they did something wrong so that they understand they should not do the same mistake again, which is exactly what God is doing. The best thing we can do after a natural disaster is to think of reasons why we are being punished, what we could have done to diserve to be punished. If we learn this, we can benefit from the disaster and ensure it will not happen again. Therefore, Christians should not be satisfied by thinking that God has nothing to do with a natural disaster as He is the One who cause them. This is important to remember otherwise one might be confused and perceive otherwise.
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Someone who does not believe in a supernatural being could possible believe that we are helpless against a natural disaster, and I believe such a person has the right to think so as he/she does not understand why they happen or what we could possibly do to avoid it happening again. Some people claim that "the universe is brute fact". If this is the case, then it is bizarre how little we know of this facts. The universe is something we are merely scraping on the surface as far as our knowledge is concerned. People claim that is it can all be explained by physics while others say it is unexplainable for the moment. It will remain something we do not have any knowledge about until we are enouigh technologically advanced to travel in space for a longer period of time.
Christians belive that God gave animals verious advantages such as sharp teeth and claws, while humans were awarded with the more advanced brain which enables us to invent machines such as space travelling ships to explore space. There isalso a downside to the brain. Its possibilities can be used for evil purposes, such as creating an Arial race and in the process murdering millions of people. As long as the will of the mind is good, the actions will consequently be good or at least performed with agood purpose.
B. The Psychological approach to Philosophy of Religion
Jungs main idea is that it is impossible for a human to conceive any of the four highest achievements which are faith, hope, love and insight, nor can a human conceive truth that will give the person these four achievements. He continues to say that the achievements are not to be learned and therefore it is not possible to teach them. He also mentions that there is no way to simply give or take them as they are gifts of grace and therefore achieved through experience, which makes them outside of the human reach. This is beacause Jung continues to say that experiences cannot be made but they simply happens in a persons life. We can use discuss these experiences that happened, and in that way become closer to that experience and in a way enable us to reach and understand the experience. These, according to Jung, are the things that brings humans closer to the living experience, but they should not be named methods as they work differently for each individual.Jung mentions his own personal experiences with his patients, specifically on their problems of religion. He says that they lost their religious outlook on life and therefore they will not find peace if they do not regain this. This then means, in my personal point of view, that Jung is saying that if a man loses, or decides that religion is not for him, there is no way that man can find peace again in his life. I do not agree with this, as there are substitutions for religion. In my own personal experience, religion is more effective to find peace than substitutions such as convincing one self that one does not need religion and therby denying ones ultimate inner self. This is beacause if religion is important in ones life, there is no possible way to deny this and if one does, one is deliberately denying the body its, sometimes, most important source of inner peace. There are always the non-believers, the ateists, who claim that they live "normal" lives, however one defines normal. I cannot see this as being true as religion plays a big role in my life, and therefore I could not see myself living the way l do today without it.
Freud is mentioning other points about the importance of religion in ones life which in certain ways differ from those set forward by Jung. Freud claims that the basic problem for humans is that of repressed sexuality, and also how humans mask their true problems with religious doubts. Freud is only interessted in the casual meanings of the sexual symptoms. One aspect which, according to the text, Freud completely overlooks is that of the possibility of the exisitance of the neurosis without any pathological effect until a disturbance occurs. These kind of disturbances are not priamry but merely secondary phenomena. A second thing Freud has overlooked is that of the human difficulty of fighting the unconscious without help. This help is needed, and many people find this help from religion. Freud says that since the beginning of man, we have always looked for some sort of spiritual help. This is because we cannot always understand the un understandable, such as magic and unknown forces. I todays technological world, many of these magical appearances and unknown forces have been explained and understood. Also, it is important to understand and respect other peoples cultures and traditions, and included in this is the religious traditions. This is important, together with the historical aspect of religious activity, as we need to understand the people has always seeked different religions which apply best to each indivisual and his or her believes. Again, this is also important as we need to be able to respect each other if we are to live together in this world. This is my views on different cultures and the way it leads to the understanding and respect of individuation.
C. The Ethical approach to Philosophy of Religion
The message of Christianity is to be good to other people, more specifically, love your neighbour as you love yourself. This means that people should treat each other the way they would want to be treated by others. If one follows this way of thinking, only good actions and good will can come out of this behavious. But there is still the problem of how this is to be done. Some claim that only good actions are deserved to be called good, and therefore only good outcomes deserves the same award. This is argued to be faulty by Immanuel Kant. He claimed that nothing can be called good without proper qualifications, which means that one cannot say that an action is good without proper qualification, except for good will. Intelligence and judgement is not good in it self as the two human aspects can be used in a bad way if the person does not have good will. If a person does not mean well in what he or she does, any quality which was considered good could turn evil and bad. If a person follows Christianity, there is no possible way that person cannot have good will as he/she would want to be treated in the same way he/she treats others, therefore that person would have act on good will.
Religion also fucntions in the way that is promotes peace, once again focusing on Christianity. The word peace can be interpreted in various ways, such as peace of mind for each individual, peace in between people and peace inbetween countries. Christianity fucntions for each of these three aspects. It fucntions for each individuals search for peace of mind, as it allows each person to go to a public building for free and reflect and talk to priests. This tends to promote a calm inner feeling and therfore functions to promote peace of mind.
Christianity, as mentioned earlier, teaches its followers to treat each other in similar ways one wants to be treated by others. This cannot promote anything else than peace as it is very unlikely a man or waman would want to be treated unfairily and therfore would not treat others in such a manner. Therefore it promotes peace between people.
The third aspect, peace inbetween countries, is a bit more complicated, but yet Christianity can be applied to this sort of peace. It involvs more complications as other couintries does not necessarily follow Christianity and therefore could have different viewpoints on peace. It is also a bit more complicated as it is difficult to find direct parts of the Bible applicable to war between countries, even though there are some quanitations.
Law makes are people, according to Kant, people who create laws because they have a will. Since will is nothing more than reason, it is not necessarily a good will. As a reason is very personal, the lawmakers are not acting on the need of society, but merely on their personal needs. If these people are Chrisitans or follow another religion, they would not make laws that people would not benefit from as they would be then treated unfairly and this is exactly what Christianity says people ar enot supposed to do. Religion has a great importance to a religious person, no matter whether the person is an intellectual or a priest. If religion means something important to a person, he/she will carry it with him or herself where ever the person goes and does.
A sexual ethic is something which would depend greatly from person to person as each person has been brought up in different families and have different backgrounds. Depending on the history of a person, that person will have different perceptions about certain issues, such as sexual ethics. Even though this generally applies to most people, there are exceptions. Some people might have been brought up in a strict family with a certain view on life and what is right or wrong, but might still grow up with different views than the family. This is the result of society and the group of people one spends time with. So a sexual ethic is not dependant on the background of people even though it plays a large part. A sexual ethic could be confined to religion. Christianity frowns upon being sexually active before marriage and therefore having children outside marriage. Some argue that this idea has originated from a simple population control instead of a serious sexual ethic. It is more likely that it is a sexual ethic, as it is trying to teach peple how to live their lives.
A.The problem of Evil
The problem of evil is around us each day and everywhere we go. This is a fact we all have to agree upon. The only question in this matter is how we define evil. Some say evil are the people who do evil actions such as murder and other crimes. Others say that evil Is not only people but also the devil who sends his evil to this world to punish us. There are also people who say that evil can be connected to anything which is bad for the human race such as natural disasters and other disasters we have no control over. The problem with all these three is that they do not explain where this evil comes from. Whether they are right or not is besides the point, as that will be found out if the source of evil is discovered. The second view of evil, the devil, is the one closest to discovering the source. The people who believe in this are saying that the devil makes evil things happen merely either for his amusement or simply because that is what he does, in other words, there is no reason. There is some information in the bible about the devil which could aid this theory. It says that the devil was an angel but was told to leave heven and became the devil after some time, a fallen angel.
Yet this does not explain why the evil exists on earth. This is the problem, if this question is solved, we can begin to understand where the evil comes from and therefore eradicate it from there. Knowledge is always essential for solving problems, which is why it is important to understand.
The third aspect is saying that natural disasters are evil as they harm humans. This can again be connected to Christianity as God punished the people with the flood which created the story of Noah's ark. To be able to answer the problem of natural disasters a Christian should not deny God, but merely understand that a natural disasters is God's punishment to us. It is telling us that we are doing something wrong and we have to solve it. It is a form of punishment, which is not to say that God has hate inside of Him. God is love and this is why we are here. He created us because of His love and His love for us. This means that natural disasters are His way of punishing us. A parent punishes his/her children if they did something wrong so that they understand they should not do the same mistake again, which is exactly what God is doing. The best thing we can do after a natural disaster is to think of reasons why we are being punished, what we could have done to diserve to be punished. If we learn this, we can benefit from the disaster and ensure it will not happen again. Therefore, Christians should not be satisfied by thinking that God has nothing to do with a natural disaster as He is the One who cause them. This is important to remember otherwise one might be confused and perceive otherwise.
Someone who does not believe in a supernatural being could possible believe that we are helpless against a natural disaster, and I believe such a person has the right to think so as he/she does not understand why they happen or what we could possibly do to avoid it happening again. Some people claim that "the universe is brute fact". If this is the case, then it is bizarre how little we know of this facts. The universe is something we are merely scraping on the surface as far as our knowledge is concerned. People claim that is it can all be explained by physics while others say it is unexplainable for the moment. It will remain something we do not have any knowledge about until we are enouigh technologically advanced to travel in space for a longer period of time.
Christians belive that God gave animals verious advantages such as sharp teeth and claws, while humans were awarded with the more advanced brain which enables us to invent machines such as space travelling ships to explore space. There isalso a downside to the brain. Its possibilities can be used for evil purposes, such as creating an Arial race and in the process murdering millions of people. As long as the will of the mind is good, the actions will consequently be good or at least performed with agood purpose.
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