Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

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Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

Denyne M. Kowalewski, LDR 510

University of Phoenix

Help with essay on Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

InstructorTim Haake

May 7, 00

Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

This paper will attempt to lay out the framework that a Fortune 500 defense industry firm followed during a time of major organizational change.In undertaking the change, three models were drawn upon to lead the industry through the process.Each of the models provided tools that the industry ultimately utilized in carrying out organizational change.These models and highlights from each will be interwoven into this paper.

In the 10's, the defense industry was forced to shrink in size and budget due to collapse of the Soviet Union and relative peace throughout the world.These factors coupled with forced consolidation of companies that catered to this industry forced immediate review of all internal and external factors to ensure viability in an unstable environment.The difficulty faced by this industry is that nearly all impacting factors are external to the affected industry.

The three models contributing tools to the organizational change of the defense industry were• Kotter's (15) eight-step model for transforming organizations, • Jick's (11) ten-step approach leading an industry through change when already in the midst of the process, and • Gavin's (000) seven-step change acceleration process.The strength in availing use of the three separate models is that each model provided separate checklists and essential steps in moving towards a plan for change.

Extrapolated from the three models noted above was development of change in 1 individual step increments developed as a framework for the evolution of the forced change.The 1 identified steps were 1) The idea and its context; the starting point from which the change catapults, ) Define the change initiative; the forces prompting the change, external versus internal, ) Evaluate the climate for change; thorough analysis of the existing systems and structures that will be impacted by the changes, 4) Develop a change plan; includes specific goals, clear responsibilities for strategists, implementers and recipients, 5) Find and cultivate a sponsor; gain support and buy-in from influential leaders and targeted individuals and groups (companies) that will share in the success or failure of the change, 6) Prepare your target audience, the recipients of change; communicate routinely the impacts for the proposed changes to the recipients of the change, 7) Create the cultural fit making the change last; strategically initiate change that is congruent with established military mindsets organizational culture, 8) Develop and choose a change leader team; identify a strong respected leader who can inspire employees, embrace a vision and motivated by the challenge of change, ) Create small wins for motivation; short-term wins shared my employees is critical to implementation of long-term change, 10) Constantly and strategically communicate the change; COMMUICATE, COMMUNICATE, COMMUNICATE the commitment to the changes and all successes and challenges, 11) Measure progress of the change effort; make visual assessment tools that gauge the milestones and benchmarks of the organizational change plan, and 1) Integrate lessons learned; generate a set of lessons learned during the 1 step process.

In reviewing the 1 steps, the most important step to emphasize if any degree of success is to be realized by an entity undergoing dramatic change is that of Step 10, communication.It must be clear in the minds of the leaders as well as the minds of the followers that change needed is in the best interests of all affected parties.That as an existing industry undergoes the challenging task of scrutinizing every aspect of how business is done, that the review is being done as part of a coordinated effort orchestrated to ensure the continued prosperity of the industry in the current market place.That as change happens each person affected will be empowered to affect the outcomes and will share in each of the successes along the way.That leaders recruited to help with the change process will support views when needed and will challenge views if not consistent with an agreed upon protocol.

Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

Denyne M. Kowalewski, LDR 510

University of Phoenix

InstructorTim Haake

May 7, 00

Organizational Change in the Defense Industry

This paper will attempt to lay out the framework that a Fortune 500 defense industry firm followed during a time of major organizational change.In undertaking the change, three models were drawn upon to lead the industry through the process.Each of the models provided tools that the industry ultimately utilized in carrying out organizational change.These models and highlights from each will be interwoven into this paper.

In the 10's, the defense industry was forced to shrink in size and budget due to collapse of the Soviet Union and relative peace throughout the world.These factors coupled with forced consolidation of companies that catered to this industry forced immediate review of all internal and external factors to ensure viability in an unstable environment.The difficulty faced by this industry is that nearly all impacting factors are external to the affected industry.

The three models contributing tools to the organizational change of the defense industry were• Kotter's (15) eight-step model for transforming organizations, • Jick's (11) ten-step approach leading an industry through change when already in the midst of the process, and • Gavin's (000) seven-step change acceleration process.The strength in availing use of the three separate models is that each model provided separate checklists and essential steps in moving towards a plan for change.

Extrapolated from the three models noted above was development of change in 1 individual step increments developed as a framework for the evolution of the forced change.The 1 identified steps were 1) The idea and its context; the starting point from which the change catapults, ) Define the change initiative; the forces prompting the change, external versus internal, ) Evaluate the climate for change; thorough analysis of the existing systems and structures that will be impacted by the changes, 4) Develop a change plan; includes specific goals, clear responsibilities for strategists, implementers and recipients, 5) Find and cultivate a sponsor; gain support and buy-in from influential leaders and targeted individuals and groups (companies) that will share in the success or failure of the change, 6) Prepare your target audience, the recipients of change; communicate routinely the impacts for the proposed changes to the recipients of the change, 7) Create the cultural fit making the change last; strategically initiate change that is congruent with established military mindsets organizational culture, 8) Develop and choose a change leader team; identify a strong respected leader who can inspire employees, embrace a vision and motivated by the challenge of change, ) Create small wins for motivation; short-term wins shared my employees is critical to implementation of long-term change, 10) Constantly and strategically communicate the change; COMMUICATE, COMMUNICATE, COMMUNICATE the commitment to the changes and all successes and challenges, 11) Measure progress of the change effort; make visual assessment tools that gauge the milestones and benchmarks of the organizational change plan, and 1) Integrate lessons learned; generate a set of lessons learned during the 1 step process.

In reviewing the 1 steps, the most important step to emphasize if any degree of success is to be realized by an entity undergoing dramatic change is that of Step 10, communication.It must be clear in the minds of the leaders as well as the minds of the followers that change needed is in the best interests of all affected parties.That as an existing industry undergoes the challenging task of scrutinizing every aspect of how business is done, that the review is being done as part of a coordinated effort orchestrated to ensure the continued prosperity of the industry in the current market place.That as change happens each person affected will be empowered to affect the outcomes and will share in each of the successes along the way.That leaders recruited to help with the change process will support views when needed and will challenge views if not consistent with an agreed upon protocol.

Please note that this sample paper on Organizational Change in the Defense Industry is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Organizational Change in the Defense Industry, we are here to assist you.Your cheap research paperson Organizational Change in the Defense Industry will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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School facilities

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Students on the NC State campus are not allowed to have access to the gym and music center facilities at peak hours of boredom during the weekend.During the week while the students are hurrying to and from classes, they are busy, hard working, and tired of the stress that comes along with balancing academics in college. When the weekend comes around, everyone should be allowed to have a way to vent his or her stress and do something productive and positive.With the closing of the gym and music center, students are limited when it comes to possibilities and options and therefore have nothing to look forward to. The weekend is just time without a cause and people suffer from this cause. In order for students to be more comfortable and have a better mindset about their schooling, there should be more incentives when it comes to entertainment on the weekends. In order for a change to be made, the focus should start with the three main classifications of people associated with the problem. They include students, workers, and employers. The students objective should be to speak out and be heard. No one has ever made a change by sitting quiet and unheard from. The workers should make themselves available on the weekends. A job cannot be run without people to run it. Finally, the employers should allow workers to earn a profit from working at such an inconvenient time. People that sacrifice their time should be awarded accordingly.

During the week, many people don't get a chance to spend time with their families because they are so busy at work. A supervisor from a Massachusetts gas plant said that, On the weekend, the only thing that I want to do is kick my feet up and relax. When an opportunity presents itself, most people don't think twice about what to do with it. When it comes to the weekends, most people will take advantage of them and direct their activities as far away from work as possible. On the weekend, many people would just like to home and maybe help their daughter complete a Barbie puzzle or maybe show their son how to throw a football.This tends to be the problem with the employers. Instead of slaving away in the hellhole that has prevented them from enjoying their families, they would rather sit back and relax with no business responsibilities at all. The last thing that they want to do is work on the weekends. Another problems tend to lie in the financial area. The school really doesn't have the funds to support the longer hours that the students want. Therefore they couldn't possibly afford to increase a raise if the earnings of its employees. Alena Hosch, a NCSU student, stated that the only way that she would work on the weekend is if she were getting paid more money than she already was.

For the employees, the reasons for not working differ. Age plays the role as the discriminate that separates the weekend work. A survey taken in 17 in showed that 87% of kids with jobs, that work full time, do not work on the weekends. (Jet Magazine) In the area of satisfaction where the employers just want to go home and settle down, the employees rather go out and hang with their friends and party. The reason being is due to the low amount of money that is received by the employees. They feel that they are being underpaid and they are not willing to sacrifice their freedom from paid and academic work when they feel that they can be doing better things. Some go to the parties with ambitions of meeting new people, getting telephone numbers, and even sweet-talking to the opposite sex; hoping to take something home and have a little pleasure. In order to forget their problems, others drink and smoke and end up only making their problems worse in the long run. Matthew Felton, an NCSU student, said, on the weekends, I love partying and dinking with my buddies. There is not nothing else to do and this campus is boring as all hell. However, with drinking comes problems that could lead to death or even a long sentence in jail. Still, there are those that don't wish to do what the others are doing but only want to utilize the facilities that the school has to offer. The facilities include the" Carmichael gymnasium" and the "Price music center". I myself would love to have the opportunity to sharpen my skills on the piano and build some more muscle.

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The students want to be allowed have access to the facilities because of their interests and lack of other options. When the weekend comes around, people look for fun. They have been attacking their schoolwork day by day and only wish to have an opportunity to entertain them selves. My father, Sam Bradley once told me that college was going to be the best year of my life. Right now, I really don't see that. The college campus alone does not provide enough entertainment to occupy the minds and wills of the kids on campus. Their minds vary in the way that they perceive ideas of fun. One student may want to move his bodyand another may want to read notes from a sonata from Beethoven. Everyone does not enjoy the late night parties with the guys and girls, rubbing all up on each other. Tiki Barber, a student at Chapel Hill, said that she hated parties. She stated that too many people tried to talk to her and that annoyed her.

Everyone also does not enjoy drinking and then suffering the side effects like walking around like you just had been punched in the head by Mike Tyson, only to wake up the next day with a migraine. Everyone also does not enjoy being blinded by smoke while its burns through your lungs and interferes with your normal behavior. Some people just like to do quiet subtle little things like press down the black and white keys of a piano while they bless the room with a tuneful melody. Some rather lay down on a bench with their teeth clenched while sweat pours into their eyes as they attempt to lift a bar of pure iron that weighs twice as much then their own weight.

Altogether, the possibilities of allowing longer usage of the facilities seems to lie within the participation of both, the student body and the school officials. If the officials come to acknowledge the benefits of the facilities, then maybe things could change. Many of the misfortunes that happen so often on college campuses are from students that were in the wrong place at the wrong time. There are several studies indicating that the crime rate for teenagers drinking on the weekends is at an all time high, reaching 47% for the late 0's. (Billboard Studies)

If the schools provided the students with more options, then they could be elsewhere and occupied with something positive that can only help them. The students must do their job and voice their opinions.If no one says anything then nothing will be done to satisfy the desires of the silent majority. You can't help some one if you don't know what the problem is. In the black, employee movement of 165, thousands of black workers stopped working and declared that they wanted to be treated as equals and they won the argument. (Spoken Voices) The act shows that if people want there to be a change, then they have to stand up for what they believe in and take affirmative action. As for the employers, they can still spend time with their families by appointing an employee to watch over the facilities in his absence. Then they can spend as much time as they want on the weekends without having to commit themselves directly. In return, the employers can earn a larger amount of money and provide the students with other places to go to entertain themselves. Andrea Johnson, a NCSU administrator, helped raise the pay rate of the staff by allowing more students to work on the weekends. Also, the employees can stop worrying about wasting their time and work with a cause that is worth while. The earning of extra money brings a smile to everyone's face. As for the students in favor of the longer hours, they can be awarded the option of fulfilling their ambitions. Wandering around futilely will lessen and maybe the some of the violence will decrease. This way, everyone can be happy doing what he or she actually wants to do.

History shows us that many people and groups have succeeded in winning arguments that they all believed in there was a level unfairness. There was the bus crisis in 167 One that allowed blacks to sit in the front as opposed to the back of the bus. There was also the courageous civil rights leaders that encourage their people to speak out and stand up for themselves In doing so they overcame a world wide case of racism. There was also the" Board of Education vs. Plessey " In which a young black girl fought for the rights go to school with white children. All in all, people must be heard in order to get leverage and for this reason, the students of NCSU must start now.

Please note that this sample paper on School facilities is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on School facilities, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on School facilities will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Subversion in "On Imagiation"

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Like many of her poetic counterparts, Phyllis Wheatley lived and wrote during an era where she did not have the privilege of providing information for her own people.At this time, very few African Americans have the intelligence to read their work, and an even smaller population of African Americans is wealthy enough to buy a copy of their work.

Consequently, Wheatley was forced to keep her true thoughts hidden because of the buyers and readers of her work.Due to her audience which consisted of wealthy and noteworthy White men, Wheatley was not given the opportunity to blatantly state her feelings on most subjects, especially slavery.

To the untrained and ignorant eye, Wheatley's poem "On Imagination," published in 1770, appears to be an elegantly worded expression of one's feelings on the power of simply opening the mind.However, upon further investigation, this piece of literature serves as a powerful message revealing her ideals on slavery.Throughout the poem, Phyllis Wheatley uses the technique of subversion to discuss her method of escaping slavery while still being held captive.Through her dialogue on the power of imagination, Wheatley conveys the idea that any African American can "escape slavery," if only for a minute period of time.In "On Imagination," Wheatley subversively states that even though slavery is a horrid institution that destroys the body, liberation is purely a state of mind.

In her poem "On Imagination," Phyllis Wheatley uses various forms of symbolism and purposeful diction to soften the blow of her true emotions.In the poem's opening stanza, Wheatley immediately subdues any questionable reactions that the reader might develop.She begins by empowering an inanimate object, "Thy various works, imperial queen, we see / How bright their forms! How deck'd with pomp by thee! / Thy wond'rous acts in beauteous order stand, / And all attest how potent is thine hand" (lines 1-4).Here, Wheatley gives Imagination the title of "imperial queen."In this statement, she writes Imagination into existence as a woman with undeniable power.Wheatley has already deadened the senses of her audience.She understands that the mindset of her audience will not recognize something that does not exist in the physical realm as something powerful, nor will they acknowledge a woman as having that type of power.Upon the opening of the poem, Wheatley has already subversively forced her audience to overlook the powerful message found in her work.

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This technique is again seen within the concluding lines of the first stanza.Similar to the aforementioned instance, Wheatley uses delicate diction to slip in her true emotions on slavery."Now here, now there, the roving Fancy flies, / Till some lov'd objects strikes her wand'ring eyes," (lines -10).In this instance, Wheatley gives again gives the audience a sense of security.By referencing the activity of a person being struck as punishment for disobedience, she has relaxed the senses of her readers, making them "feel at home."With her readers now relaxed, Wheatley immediately attacks."Whose silken fetters all the senses bind, / And soft captivity involves the mind" (lines -1).Here, Wheatley is able to speak on the unspeakable simply because of her choice of wording.She uses the phrases "silken fetters" and "soft captivity" to relay her accounts of slavery.

In using these descriptions, she has undoubtedly portrayed the institute of slavery as not being harsh or severe at all, deeming the experience to be a gentle bondage.Her discussion in this manner expresses her beliefs that slavery is escapable in the mental realm.Opposite to the ruthless quality of the physical aspects of slavery, she states that the mind is enslaved by a much weaker, "soft captivity."Consequently, this facet of slavery can be broken and beaten, giving a temporary liberation to the enslaved African American.

Another situation in which Wheatley uses flowery phrases to disguise a deeper ideal is found within the second stanza.The author takes the reader on a journey, flying through the sky with Imagination."We on thy pinions can surpass the wind, / And leave the rolling universe behind…There in one view we grasp the mighty whole, / Or with new worlds amaze th' unbounded soul" (lines 17-).Here, Wheatley equates Imagination with an eagle-like creature that knows no limitations.She states that while on the wings of Imagination, anything else is demoted from whatever position of power it has acquired, and it becomes a lesser creature, even the wind.In this same instance, Wheatley also deals with the ideal of freedom through symbolism.She associates the person that enjoys imagination, the individual that has the ability to mentally escape the hardships of slavery as the "unbounded soul."In this short phrase, Phyllis Wheatley speaks volumes; she says that the eternal component of the body has broken the shackles and has freed itself from

the bondage that plagues its counterparts.

In the third stanza of "On Imagination," Phyllis Wheatley uses seasonal imagery to convey her message.In this setting, she juxtaposes winter and springtime events.Wheatley says, "Though winter frowns to Fancy's raptured eyes, / The fields may flourish, and gay scenes arise…Fair Flora may resume her fragrant reign, / And with her flow'ry riches deck the plain" (lines -8).On the surface, the text says that the beauty of spring will not wilt in the face of the cold of winter.Concisely, it says that the cold of winter is weak in comparison to the willpower of spring.However, upon further investigation, many deeper ideals are revealed.One underlying message in this passage is that a pure heart will never fully succumb to a darkened heart, meaning that as long as the African American stays strong in the mind, he or she will never be defeated.The second underlying message says that pending death cannot kill the hopes and dreams of a people.In fact, in the midst of the expected death, unexpected magnificence can emerge.

In the final stanza, Phyllis Wheatley again uses flowery diction and symbolism to comment on the institution of slavery.As she says in the opening lines of the stanza, "Fancy might now her silken pinions try / To rise from earth and sweep th' expanse on high; / From Tithon's bed now might Aurora rise, / Her cheeks all glowing with celestial dies, / While a pure stream of light overflows the skies" (lines 40-45).Here, Wheatley discusses Greek mythology, including Tithon, a god, and Aurora, a goddess.This passage discusses Aurora acquiring a measure of power over Tithon, giving her the strength to remove herself from his bed, symbolizing that she is no longer the passive one in their relationship.In this stanza, the woman becomes a stronger being, obtaining a degree of power that was once absent.In the opening line of the poem, Imagination was given femininity.Therefore, this passage also displays the idea that Imagination's power of freeing the enslaved mind grows as each reader completes this poem;with every recitation of "On Imagination," more African Americans obtain a freedom within their own mind.

When great writers put their pen to paper, they write with a definite purpose.Nothing recorded in this poem was written in vain.The concept of achieving liberation in the mind is disguised extremely well.First, it is hidden in the manifestation of Imagination, a woman.Wheatley has stored an extremely powerful message in a stereotypically powerless vessel.The concept is later hidden in the skills of a seemingly oversized eagle-like bird.Again, Wheatley has placed a meaningful idea inside an empty, non-existent creature.Through both personifications, Wheatley has broken down the audience; she has removed any motive-based insecurities that her readers might have had regarding the content before reading the poem.

In "On Imagination," Phyllis Wheatley employs various techniques to say what she needs to say without actually saying it.Because of the times, she does not have the luxury of clearly putting her beliefs on paper without suffering consequences.Consequently, Wheatley must use a subversive voice in her writing to conceal her thoughts, especially the belief that liberation is a state of mind.If a statement like that was written verbatim in one of her poems, no one would ever have had the opportunity to read it.As simple as it appears, that statement, during the time period of the poem, has the power to have devastating effects on the institute of slavery.That statement gives the African American a method of escape, a way of attempting to ignore the physical suffering that exists.Having a slave with the mentality that he or she has any remote sense of power violates all of the beliefs of the White slave owner.

Please note that this sample paper on Subversion in "On Imagiation" is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Subversion in "On Imagiation", we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Subversion in "On Imagiation" will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Dave Matthew`s Band

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Dave Matthews Band

Who is the Dave Matthews Band? Five years ago that question would have gotten nothing more than a weird stare and a stupid look. But today you would get everything but that. The Dave Matthews Band is one of the most successful bands of the late 0th century. But many ask how a band so new has become so successful in such a relatively short period of time. Many come to wonder if it was their music, their look, or possibly something else that has made the Dave Matthews Band what they are today. It is my opinion that the Dave Matthews Bands success comes from their earth-toned acoustical music, their buttoned flannel shirts and their khaki pants, their heart-laced lyrics, and the need for many Jerry Garcia Dead Head survivors to find a new musical connection to life. Using the Official Dave Matthews Web Page (http//dmband.com) as a reference tool, I found that the life of the Dave Matthews Band saga begins early in 11.Dave Matthews decided to put the songs hed been writing on tape. But rather than recording just his voice and guitar, he decided to gather some other musicians to give the project a fuller sound. Carter Beauford, Leroi Moore, Stefan Lessard, and Boyd Tinsley teamed with Dave Matthews and became the Dave Matthews Band. After several rehearsals in basements, they were ready to play in public. The first gig was May 11, 11 at a party on the roof of an apartment building in Charlottesville. About 40 people were in attendance that night. Their first open-to-the-public performance was at the 11 Earth Day Festival on Charlottesville, Virginias Downtown Mall. That exposure led to regular Tuesday night gigs at a small restaurant called Eastern Standard. Before long, the largest music club in town had them playing Tuesday night gigs filling the club to capacity with locals and University of Virginia students week after week. As word spread, the band was playing three- four- five- night tours around the region. As the bands success began to exfoliate, the first album named Remember Two Things was released in August of 1, shortly followed by Recently released in February of 14. With 14 proving to be a big year for the Dave Matthews Band, Under the Table and Dreaming was released on September 7th. This major release is what really made the bands elegant acoustical sound known throughout the United States and Europe (6 March 1). By this point, many wonder what is next for the Dave Matthews Band. Their audience was growing, but they still didnt have a following that rivaled bands like the Grateful Dead and Phish. But nobody could have predicted what 15 would bring, both good and bad. Dave Matthews Band (DMB) opened two shows for the Grateful Dead at Sam Boyd Stadium in Las Vegas. Some believe this show was priceless and one in a million for the Dave Matthews Band (Pepper). Many of the reasons this show was so important had to do with the attention Dave Matthews Band got from the Grateful Deads audience. This proved to be an overwhelming significance when the Dead encountered the death of Jerry Garcia later on in the 15 year. The Grateful Dead had an incredible amount of fans. The band attracted a cult following in live performances by playing without set lists (lists of songs) in a free improvised format shaped in part by audience rapport (Garcia). All the Grateful Dead fans, better known as Dead Heads loved the acoustic sound Garcia provided for the band, and with the newly created vibe of Dave Matthews Band, the transition was an easy one to make. Thus, many of the Dead Heads are now faithful followers of the DMB, and many now use Dave Matthews Band as a new musical connection to life. But the death of Jerry Garcia and the flock of newly dedicated fans werent the only reasons for popularity for the Dave Matthews Band. The sound, the feeling of the music that Dave Matthews Band creates, makes for their own following, like no other before. As David E. Thigpen, author, Time magazine puts it The DMB offers an alternative to alternative rock music that is conspicuously eclectic but plainly rooted in the familiar bedrock of Americana, the blues and jazz. By introducing acoustic guitars and shifting tempos punctuated by violins, penny whistles and other flourishes of world music and jazz, the band has forged a cerebral yet commercially appealing sound, surpassing competitors like Phish. (Thigpen) After the release of Under the Table and Dreaming came the album Crash, which involved various artists such as Bela Fleck & the Flecktones and Los Lobos. But their most recent and best studio recording effort by a landslide is Before These Crowded Streets. Instrumentally, the band is joined by interesting guests such as Bela Fleck that is known to …decorate the record with his saw-toothed banjo… (Gulla). Kronos Quartet and Alanis Morisette show up on several songs and sing background vocals on Spoon. Before long, the Dave Matthews Band not only attracts their own audience, but they reveal that rather than being content with their considerable fan base, they reach out to new styles, new ideas, and best of all new fans (Gulla). Though their music is powerful indeed, whats in the music is as so ever powerful. Lyrics are the heart of any music, whether they are sung, yelled, or mumbled. The Dave Matthews Band is definitely one to talk when it comes to lyrics. In hearing any of his lyrics from all the way back to his first album, right up to his current hit with Before These Crowded Streets. All of the Dave Matthews Band songs have what many would call heart and soul to them. Take for instance I Let You Down …I let you down; How could I be such a fool like me; Tail between my legs; Im a puppy for your love; Im a puppy for your love; I have no lid upon my head; But if I did; You could look inside and see whats on my mind; oh its you… Line by line, Dave Matthews Band goers find themselves breathless is awe of the words that come from Daves mouth. In I Let You Down, Dave is singing about how he had done something that let supposedly somebody down by, and he is so upset he tries to show his sorrow and his want to reconcile his wrong doing. But the helpless of his music propels you into his world so you can feel his pain. Many well known magazines also have good things to say about Dave Matthews Bands lyrical approach, he (Dave Matthews) conjures optimism in a world beset by environmental depredation, political paralysis, self-doubt, and hopelessness (Thigpen). Meanwhile Dave Matthews describes his songs as therapy, an effort to help his listeners cope with society, where racism is absolutely alive (Sheffield). Theres something else about the Dave Matthews Band that propels so many to want to see every show that they play. Maybe its because whenever the band is seen they wear anything but exactly what one of the newest and most popular alternative bands would wear; Khaki pants, flannel shirts, hemp necklaces, and an occasional baseball cap. This helps create the well known laid back style of the band onstage as well as off. But quite possibly its the way they seem more like a jazz combo than a rock band(Thigpen). Robin Bresnark, from Melody Maker says Their musical style is very natural, full of blues and jazz from introduction of acoustic guitars and shifting tempos punctuated by violins, penny whistles, and other flourishes of would music and jazz. Onstage the five band members seem more like a jazz combo, playing tightly coordinated phrases then suddenly veering off into flights of improvision. (Bresnark) In conclusion, the Dave Matthews Band is nothing short than incredible. By projecting a very laid back and functional attitude, with a very open musical style, the band will continue to top the billboard charts for years to come. Dave Matthews musical style will live forever, and I am sure that Jerry Garcia is very happy knowing that his following is now sleeping in line for hard to get tickets to every show Dave Matthews Band plays. Talent flourishes in the band, and for anyone who has any of their CDs, youll know that their live music is incredibly spontaneous. But one thing is for sure, this band will be releasing albums for years to come; and its nice to hear music that is not filled with hate or violence, but filled with heart and soul lyrics, and a non-violent tone.

Bibliography

Bresnark, Robin. The Dave Matthew Band gives us a guided tour of Washington DC. Melody Maker Aug 8, 18. Bresnark, Robin. Unfinished Monk Business Melody Maker Jun 7, 18. Garcia, Jerry. Jerry Garcia. Encyclopedia Encarta. 18 Ed. Gulla, Bob. Before These Crowded Streets. Audio Aug 18. Pepper, Tracey. Dave Matthews Band US Jun 18 Sheffield, Rob. Stunt/Before These Crowded Streets. Rolling Stone Dec 4, 18-Jan 7, 1. The Daves Matthews Band the official Web Site. (11-17) http//dmband.com Thigpen, David E. Shelter in the storm Time Aug , 18.

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Chicano Art

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Art as a political statement

Chicano art

& Ukrainian art

Write my Essay on Chicano Art for me

Lonna Zwerenz

1-18-0

FON-Survery of Modern and Contemporary Art

InstructorJohn Muehl

I

n the very Chicano community-based nature, Chicano art is a public and political art, proclaiming and expressing public and social concerns in its themes and subjects, and even in its most private or seemingly obscure, extravagant, or initially incomprehensible examples.In comparison to Chicano art, the Ukrainian contemporary art is marked by certain efforts to combine art and political issue.Ukrainian contemporary art takes a very ambiguous position towards politics. The roots of such ambiguity can be found in the historical development of the country. The official art was engaged in supporting of established communist system during a period of 70 years. At the time, not to deal with politics meant to have clean hands and at the same time it was a kind of protest against the official regime.

"Barrio Dog" by Malaquias Montoya Chicano Artist

This painting depicts the language barrier between the Latino Community and the United States english speaking community. Instead of the dog saying bow wow, he says bow guau, a half-english, half-spanish interpretation. The dog, of course, represents the nations first and second generation hispanic immigrants who have failed to fully assimilate themselves into American society because of a wish to maintain the cultural identity of their descent.

Following the recent dramatic demographic changes in California and the rest of the country, many artists of the original Chicano Movement have sought to expand and redefine it. Chicano art is a straightforward activist, political (in the sense of choosing a side on an issue), and didactic art form that calls on the viewer to educate him or herself about the cultural origin of the art and the intentions of the artists in order to appreciate and understand it. Chicano art is in a way a community art form that expresses the experiences, feelings, ideas, and aspirations of both a very real and ideal Chicano community. In the United States, this Chicano community exists in all its diversity of ideas, gender, and symbols and shared history with one uniting factor, and that is the history of its cultural origins.In comparison to the Chicano expressionist works, the Ukrainian wave of the perestroika, the art dealing with a critical issue has found an enthusiastic acceptance in the west. The later involvement of the artists to address political issues using a post-modernist approach provided the necessary irony. The art, which criticized totalitarianism or existing systems, was exalted and honoured by the West according to the necessity to create the image of the other within the cold war or the struggle with the communism on the one hand. On the other hand the artist raised in the classical intellectual tradition, as the national conscience, should be in opposition to the any regime.The art market of contemporary art in Ukraine still doesn't function. The state doesn't support contemporary art. The quest of identity realized by the contemporary art doesn't attract a new state looking for populist ways, or immediate simple result as media covering, or it is deeply attached to the traditional genres. The Ukrainian cultural necrophilia, as a love for the old, still forms of art is really an ideal clinical diagnosis.

"Let's Go" by Volodymyr Ivanyshyn

Ukrainian Artist

(Volodymyr Ivanyshyn was born on 4 March, 15 in the

village of Vapnyarka, Vinnytsya District, of a carpenters family.

Graduated Kyiv Industrial Art School (171) and Lviv state

institute of decorative and applied art, department of interior and

furniture design (180). Specializing in wood decorative sculpture.

Participated in International and Ukrainian group exhibitions.)

Often executed through public murals or street art, the Chicano Art Movement is born out of the frustration, inner necessity, and struggle for basic human, civil, and distinctive cultural rights of a once neglected and even denigrated people in this country, Mexican Americans. It reflects the cultural expressions of Mexican Americans who with their substantial material, political, cultural and artistic heritage and contributions to American culture enrich the pluralistic history of California and the United States. In fact, its works, ideas, and even artists, often cross ethnic and class boundaries. Through art, Chicano's are able to more powerfully express perspectives on to an audience than words can accomplish solely by themselves. Because the Latino community in the United States is an entity that inevitably faces disadvantage as a result of their minority status, it is necessary to arouse the emotions of those who control the at-large, majority-rules system that governs our country. Only some of the artists try to used a deeply metaphoric approach with the main metaphor of the unity and cycles of the reality, the eternal return to the order of things... Some of them begin the metabolic type of metaphor, as metabolic is something which cannot be separated into the direct and indirect sense; it's the image of simultaneously double and united reality. If the artist from a post-communist country is

"The Dream" by Annie Sperling Cesano

Chicano Artist

Sunset at Virgil. The mural represents the Asian,

White, and Latino residents of Sunset Junction.

programmed to represent the opposition, it seems to be logic to refer to the critical approach of the intellectual manipulation described above, as well as of such programming as a whole.In comparison to the politics, thoughts, and beliefs of the Chicano art world, the Ukrainian art world is in a time where great expectations from the people and the artists have well passed. As always the expectations have not been fulfilled.Art historians reject the political art in the west as a failure. But the contemporary art in the east dealing with political and social issues is still supported by the western art institutions cultivating the image of the "Other".It seems to be destined to failure in the future as a mode to protect the west art market. During the 0's a generation of artists were formed with a certain believe that the art with the strong critical edge is the only thing worthy of attention. You can see that the more important international projects of the "Big Art" refer to the political issue. For example, MANIFESTAEuropean Biennial of Contemporary Art in Ljubljana (Slovenia) views European artistic currents through the prism of the BORDERLINE SYNDROME - ENERGIES OF DEFENCE. Such a metaphor has seemed an appropriate one for our time, as issues of identity diffusion/defence, protection and resistance have shaped a number of recent events on many levels artistic, geopolitical and social.

"OAEHA" by Olena Zvir

Ukrainian Artist

Born in Kyiv on the 11th of April, 154. In 18 graduated

from the Lviv State Institute of Applied and Decorative Arts,

department of art textile. Mainly working in painting over

fabric. Participant of many exhibitions in Ukraine and abroad.

Works exhibited in private collections in Ukraine, USA, France,

Austria,Canda and Australia.

Such examples as International exhibition "After the Wall" at Stockholm Museum, or the project "The Balkan Baroque" staged by a winner of the Golden Lion at the Venice Biennial Marina Abramovic (although she didn't try to split from the strong political message in her interview) prove this thought. The new generation in Ukraine does not address the political issue exploring an idea of the new media, because of the same reasonthe west has a lot of supportive programs for the new technologies. Both cases could be described as parts of one manipulative pattern.

Artist-Gronk"Chip on her Shoulder"

14 Chicano Art

Ukrainian Art

Michael Kucher

"Freedom"- 174

Ukrainian Art-"Blessing

of the

Flower"

Limited Edition batiks

Gilbert "Magu"Luj`an

Hot Dog Meets La FuFú con su Poochie

186 Chicano Art

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Chicano Art.Pictures and Murals.http//www.universes-in-universe.de//america/us_lat/e_mural.htm.1-18-0.

Chicano Art.Exhibits and artwork.http//www.elpayaso.com/aye01.html.1-18-0.

Chicano Art.Biographies, exhibits, art history.http//mati.eas.asu.edu841/ChicanArte/resource.html.1-18-0.

Chicano Art.Biographies, artwork, history, information. http//arttech.about.com/library/weekly/aa_04160_chicano.htm.1-18-0.

Ukrainian Art.Rorty, R. (18) Truth and Progress, Cambridge, New York and Melbourne Cambridge University Press.

Ukrainian Art.Henry Lefevre Illusion of Transparency.

Maria N. Todorova. (17) Hierarchies of Eastern Europe East Central Europe versus the Balkans, Balkan Review, issue 11.

Ukrainian Artwork.Art pieces to view.http//www.ukrainianproject.com/showcase/showcase_batik_prints.htm.

1-1-0.

Chicano Artwork.Art pieces to view.http//www.geocities.com/d_1_54/exhibitions.html.1-1-0.

Please note that this sample paper on Chicano Art is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Chicano Art, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Chicano Art will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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A Travel Through a Travel in Margaret Atwood's "A Travel Piece"

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What is a travel? Moving from place to place, exploring new countries, people, food, smells? Enjoying magnificent vistas, relaxing, escaping from reality, running away from everyday life? Or is it the oppositethe way to find reality, to explore and attempt to get to know one's inner self? There is no one unanimous answer to any of these questions, though. We can try to find them in little bits and pieces discovered by philosophers, poets, artists or writers. As an example we could take one very intriguing attempt made by Margaret Atwood in her short story "A Travel Piece" (Dancing Girls, pp. 10-14).

Here, the main character Annette is a professional traveler; she earns her living by writing about what she experienced during various trips offered to ordinary tourists. She happens to be on a plane, which crashes and then she ends up in a life boat with five other survivors who are waiting to be rescued and are suffering from heat, thirst and hunger in the middle of the ocean for a few days. Thus, the plot of the story is very simple. What captures the reader's interest and attention is the way Annette perceives objects and events and how this perception changes, which is very well conveyed by the language Margaret Atwood uses in the story. The author combines "minuets and madness, the mundane and the bizarre", juxtaposing Annette's "everlasting calm/numbness with the increasingly dramatic events" (Thompson, Lee Briscoe, "Minuets and Madness Margaret Atwood's Dancing Girls". The Art of Margaret Atwood).

The story is a compilation of contrary, conflicting things, yet it seems to be flowing and smooth. Annette's "job was to be pleased, and she did this well … she had direct blue eyes and a white smile and was good at asking interested, polite questions and coping with minor emergencies, such as lost suitcases, cheerfully and without becoming irritated" (DG, p. 1). She seems to be calm, even numb throughout all the events that are happening around her, yet she definitely does not have inner peace her husband, Jeff,

could not understand why she wanted to stay home more; finally he swiped the pills for her, telling her they would steady her nerves. Which they have, she supposes, but then her nerves have not been unsteady, quite the contrary. It's the unbroken calm, both within and without that is getting to her. Real events happen to other people, she thinks, why not me? And there's the conviction that they are happening, all around her, but that they're being kept from her.

Dancing Girls, p. 1

Another contradiction is her understanding of travels and home, as opposed to other people's, ordinary tourists', understanding. Traveling is calming and relaxing for us, regular travelers; it involves no danger. Plane crashes, hurricanes, earthquakes happen to others, but not us; all these unpleasant events are foreign and distant. "People … did not want any danger in the kind of articles it was her business to write…. Once, it seemed a long time ago, staying home meant safety … and going to places that were her specialty … meant adventure, threat…. Now it was the reverse, home was the dangerous place and people went on vacation to snatch a few weeks of uneventfulness." (DC, p. 11). For Annette, however, home is a haven, she wants to stay there for as long as possible, crawling "into bed and remaining there between her mock vacations, emerging only long enough to plod through the required exercises at the typewriter." (DG, p. 1). She defines us, tourists, as "those who are not responsible… those who make the lives of others their transient spectacle and pleasure" (DG, p. 1).

Moreover, she always says that she is remarkably calm, but in fact she lives with a feeling of fear of the unseen world. Her awareness of a world under the surface makes her usual world of "spectacle" (Brown, Russel, "Atwood's Sacred Wells [Dancing Girls, poetry, and Surfacing. Critical Essays on Margaret Atwood)] … "come to seem like a giant screen, flat and with pictures painted on it to create the illusion of solidity. If you walked up to it and kicked it, it would tear and your foot would go right through, into another space which Annette could only visualize as darkness, a night in which something she did not want to look at was hiding" (DG, p. 1). Thus, Annette seems to be living in some sort of an endless dream, not able to wake up from a lethargic sleep. In this sense, she could be compared to the main character in Albert Camus The Stranger she does not have any real feelings, does not have a right to get sincerely angry, disappointed or distressed; the world around her seems to be unreal.

Ultimately, the hidden world that Margaret Atwood seeks has been obscured by more surfaces than just one provided by our modern condition. It has been obscured by "something more pervasive, more inevitable, and more inescapablelanguage itself" (Brown, "Atwood's Sacred Wells", p. 6). Language itself is the medium in which we are doomed to attempt our accounts of reality, and we create fictions from it when normal language does not represent our realities satisfactorily (Brown, "Atwood's Sacred Wells", p. 7). "A Travel Piece" operates in a chatty, colloquial voice, with a heavy measure of run-on sentences and comma splices presumably bespeaking a slightly mindless protagonist skimming on a surface of life" (Thompson, "Minuets and Madness", p. 116). The story begins as if it is something very familiar, like a book or a film where you can easily guess what is going to happen next. It seems as a regular narrative, a diary of some sort. However, Atwood juxtaposes the calm tone of Annette's thoughts with very dramatic events. She is experiencing a plane crash, but thinks of it as something casual, something almost unreal, something that is not happening to her. Only at the very end of the story, when she realizes that she has finally broken through the "giant flat screen" and is a part of reality now, Annette starts thinking in different terms. Drifting in a life raft after a plane crash, surrounded by masks and bloody markings which it is increasingly hard to remember are merely plastic sandwich trays and lipstick donned for protection against the sun,

Annette feels she is about to witness something more mundane and horrible, doubly so because it will be bathed not in sinister blood-red light but in the ordinary sunlight she has walked in all her life… she is …stuck in the present, with four Martians and one madman, waiting for her to say something.

(DG, p. 14)

Because of the language the author uses, the story becomes somewhat transparent. "Rather than simply seeing through the patterns of words on the page to the characters and the plot, we find ourselves seeing through those as wellto an author managing and manipulating those events, a living human being struggling to find and convey the meaning of her own human existence" (Brown, "Atwood's Sacred Wells", p. 7). This way, the story shows the surfaces and invites us to consider the unspoken words and the unarticulated reality that lie beneath. Atwood sees every act of intellection as distancing from a more primary world, and her use of language perfectly contributes to the creation of this effect. "To write is to become disinterested. There is certain renunciation in art", according to Albert Camus, but Atwood does not become disinterested in the world itself, on the contrary, she wants to draw us more deeply into it, to pull us through its surfaces and into the true and essential dimensions which have been waiting for us all the time (Brown, "Atwood's Sacred Wells", p. 8).

Thus, Annette travels through a travel she discovers what the real, the unseen world has been hiding from her. She also discovers she may be part of that unseen world, that she may be one of the "ordinary" people, who are able to feel and experience all shades and nuances of what is happening to them and around them. At the very end of the story, Annette ponders "But the sky is not flat anymore, it's bluer than ever and recedes away from her, clear but unfocused.… The quality of light has not changed. Am I one of them or not?" In one way or another, Annette discovers an unknown part in herself, and this discovery is beautifully conveyed by the language Margaret Atwood uses.

Atwood, Margaret. Dancing Girls and Other Stories. New York Simon and Schuster, 18.

Davidson, Arnold E., and Davidson, Cathy N., eds. The Art of Margaret Atwood, Essays in Criticism. Toronto House of Anansi Press Ltd., 181.

McCoombs, Judith. Critical Essays on Margaret Atwood. Boston, MA G.K. Hall & Co., 188.

"Quotes". The Existence of Albert Camus | Quotes. http//www.duke.edu/~thp/camus/quotes/bysubject.html#writing.Nov 1.

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Plato and his graded reality

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Plato's Graded Reality VS Plotinus's

Nefra Dabney

Aesthetics Phil 65- 01

Professor Michael Eng

Help with essay on Plato and his graded reality

The Republic is a form of government and a model for the soul. Through Plato's study we are able to understand all parts of the universe and the soul and their relation to the Truth or The Good in what is called Plato's Epistemology or his Graded Reality. The supreme idea is the idea of the Good. Plato's theory on the intelligible world and the world of appearances creates a narrow reality. His Graded Reality provides order and knowledgeable insight into the world, as well as direction from which the world works. Plato was leading men to find the Good.

According to Plato there exist two worlds, the word of appearances that which can be perceived and the intelligible world that which is known. The world of appearances exist on two levels (A) images and (B) physical things. A desk would be a physical object (in the belief or pistis state of mind) and a painting of that desk would be an image (in the imagining or eikasia state of mind). The intelligible world exists on two levels as well (C) mathematical objects and(D) forms or ideas. The ability to use deduction to break down a desk into basic shapes and characteristics and recognize other desk is an ex ample of a mathematical object (in the thinking or dianoia state of mind). The mere thought, knowledge or idea of the desk is an example of forms and ideas (in the intelligence and knowledge or noesis and episteme state of mind). In the forms and ideas is also where you find all things that are considered beautiful, such as a person's soul and nature.

God, weather from choice or from necessity, made one bed in nature and one only; two or more such ideal beds neither ever have been nor ever will be made by God.

Why is that?

Because even if He had made but two, a third would still appear behind them which both of them would have for their idea, and that would be the ideal bed and two others.

Very true, he said.

God knew this and he desired to be the maker of the only bed, not a particular maker of a particular bed, and therefore He created a bed which is essentially and by nature

one only.

So we believe.

Shall we, then, speak of him as a natural author or maker of the bed?

Yes, he replied; inasmuch as by the natural process of creation He is the author of this and of all other things.

And what shall we say of the carpenter is not he also the maker of the bed?

Yes.

But would you call the painter a creator and maker?

Certainly not.

Yes if he is not the maker, what is he in relation to the bed?

I think, he said. That we may fairly designated him as the imitator of that which the others make.

Good, I said; then you call him who is third in the descent from nature an imitator?

(Hofstadter, -)

The actual concept of the desk would come from the God or the "ho theos", the creator of forms and ideas. "The God" would give the idea of the desk to the carpenter. The carpenter or artisan would create the desk as a # dimensional object. The painter will then come along and as an artist he will createdimensional mimesis or imitation of the desk. The difference between the carpenter and the artist is in their techne or their knowledge of what they create. The painter does not need to know anything thing about the construction of the desk to paint a good likeness of it. Not only that but you learn nothing through the act of mimesis you learn nothing about the construction of the desk he painted, and it relays information for onlydimensions. The carpenter on the other hand must be very knowledgeable about the construction of the desk in order to create it, in addition to working indimensions, and the more he creates the more he will learn about the desk. " Here is another point The imitator or maker of the image knows nothing of true existence he knows appearances only." (Hofstadter, 6)

This "ho theos" exist in what is called the Good. The Good is also considered the Truth and it exist in the intelligible world, and is used to define everything else according to how close to the Good something is. For instance forms and ideas are the closest to the Good or once removed from the Good so they are better than images, which are the farthest or three times removed from the Good. Images are also looked down on because they are an imitation on mimesis of the physical thing. It is also believed that mimesis appeals to the wrong part of the soul.

Plato's Epistemology / The Divided Line

The World of ExistenceObjects The State of Mind

The intelligible WorldThe Good

(D) Forms / Ideasnoesis or episteme

(Intelligence or Knowledge)

(C) Mathematical Objects dianoia

(Thinking)

The World of Appearances(B) Physical Things pistis

(Belief)

(A) Images eikasia

(Imagining)

Plato believes the soul has two principle halves, the rational and the irrational. The rational half tells you to take it easy in confrontational situations, and the irrational or emotional half tells you to retaliate. The soul is then divided into three smaller parts the legislative, the appetitive, and the seat of desires. The legislative contains your reason, the appetitive part consist of your need for revenge, greed and anger. Mimesis appeals to the seat of desires. If you consider the appetitive part of your soul and your seat of desires as horses, since it is easy for them to run wild. Then consider the legislative part of your soul as the charioteer, because you should always use your reason to guide you. It should be easy to see that a person cannot be lead by their seat of desires or their emotions and still remain sane.

Mimesis in the Republic is some what accepted in booksandas long as it is censored, if it tells a story that story must be true. Like wise you cannot tell a lie in the story because people might imitate what goes on in the story. However this also places the poet in the same shoes as the painter, because as the painter creates a false version of the chair the poet has the ability to create false and imitative words. These imitative words will appeal to the irrational part of the soul since they are full of passion and emotion like that part of the soul. Artistic expression is three times remover=d from the Good, and by the end of Book 10 all mimesis is looked down on. What then happens to art? Is what the painter creates not at least beautiful and good for the soul?

Plato makes the argument that the condition or state that we live in is based upon his Graded Reality and the Good. Both strongly suggest that artist expression is not important, or not good for the soul. He believes that beauty can only exist in things that are either forms or ideas. For example true beauty would be found in the soul of another person not a work of art.

But of beauty, I repeat again that we saw her there shining in company with the celestial forms; and the coming to earth we find her too, shining in clearness through the clearest aperture of sense. For sight is the most piercing of our bodily senses; through not by that is wisdom seen; her loveliness would have been transporting if there had been a visible image of her and the other ideas, if they had visible counterparts, would be equally lovely. But this is the privilege of beauty, that being the loveliest she is also the most palpable to sight.

(Hofstadter, 61)

Why can't it be found in all aspects of reality? Doesn't every one have different experiences to mold them in to who they were? We are different and we all have our own opinions. Some one may see beauty in a dog, a rock, a waterfall, a rug or even a chair. At this time in history art and beauty are not equated to each other. But regardless, it is through that mimesis that we learn to walk, talk and function in society. We can learn priceless lesions through trial and error, however it is easier and quicker to learn through mimesis. Imitation is the highest form of flattery. In war, if you fight a battle and loose before the next battle you will reevaluate your opponent's tactics and make them your own.And if we did not gain from mimesis in anyway then it would not be an issue, but the potential that mimesis hold is vast. And we like our primate cousins need it. Monkey see, Monkey do.

Plato does point out several strengths in his Graded Reality. The basic set up of the Graded Reality is correct there is an intelligible world and a world of appearances. The concept of a ho theos is correct and the base of most of the worlds religions.

There are many philosophers that live today and much of what we currently believe or trust in is based from the philosophies of the past. We have become a society that is ruled not by the Good but by ourselves, thinking only with the irrational part of our brains. But we do have respect for those who have brought us to this point and Plato was one of the most influential philosophers of his time.

Bibliography

Hofstadter, Albert, Philosophies of art and beauty; selected readings in aesthetics from Plato to Heidegger. New York, Modern Library. 164.

Please note that this sample paper on Plato and his graded reality is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Plato and his graded reality, we are here to assist you.Your persuasive essay on Plato and his graded reality will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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